MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR LAND APPLICATION OF MUNICIPAL SLUDGE
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Abstract
Each major option for the disposal/reuse of municipal sludges poses potential risks to human health or the environment because of the microbial contaminants in sludge. Therefore, risk assessment methodology appropriate for pathogen risk evaluation for land application and distribution and marketing (D&M) options was developed. omputer model was designed to aid in sludge management by comparing the risks of alternatives as sludge is applied to cropland and grazed pasture as a fertilizer and/ or soil conditioner. he model integrates microbial dose-response information with the number of pathogens likely to be present in exposure pathways. nterpretations from risk assessment model outputs were made.
Citation
Scarpino, P., L. Fradkin, C. Clark, N. Kowal, E. Lomnitz, M. Baseheart, J. Peterson, R. Ward, AND M. Hesford. MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR LAND APPLICATION OF MUNICIPAL SLUDGE. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/D-89/029 (NTIS PB89223879), 1989.
Additional Information
In: Chemical and Biological Characterization of Sludges, Sediments, Dredge Spoils and Drilling Muds, ASTM STP 976, J.J. Lichtenberg et al., Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1988, pp.488-489