Grantee Research Project Results
2003 Progress Report: Hazardous Air Pollutant Mixtures: Measuring and Modeling Complex Exposure
EPA Grant Number: R827928Title: Hazardous Air Pollutant Mixtures: Measuring and Modeling Complex Exposure
Investigators: Adgate, John L. , Pratt, Greg , Ramachandran, Gurumurthy , Zhang, Junfeng , Sexton, Ken
Current Investigators: Adgate, John L. , Church, Timothy , Pratt, Greg , Ramachandran, Gurumurthy , Zhang, Junfeng , Sexton, Ken
Institution: University of Minnesota School of Public Health , The University of Texas at Austin , University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey , Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Current Institution: University of Minnesota , Minnesota Pollution Control Agency , University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: December 20, 1999 through December 19, 2002 (Extended to June 19, 2004)
Project Period Covered by this Report: December 20, 2002 through December 19,2003
Project Amount: $510,012
RFA: Urban Air Toxics (1999) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Air Quality and Air Toxics , Air
Objective:
This research builds on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) STAR Grant R825241, Measurement and Source Apportionment of Human Exposures to Toxic Air Pollutants in the Minneapolis–St. Paul Metropolitan Area (referred to as HAPS) and University of Minnesota-funded studies in the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area. The objectives of this research project are to: (1) examine the relationships between ambient monitoring (i.e., outdoor central sites), indoor air monitoring, and personal exposure monitoring for a mixture of selected hazardous air pollutants (i.e., particle-bound metals in the PM2.5 size fraction and volatile organic compounds [VOCs]); and (2) examine the relationships between ambient modeling results and monitoring results for exposures to VOCs and metals.
In the course of attaining these objectives, this study will test the following related hypotheses:
1. Central site measurements of metal concentrations in the PM2.5 fraction provide reasonable estimates (i.e., within a factor of 2) of indoor concentrations for these particle-bound metals.
2. Central site measurements of metal concentrations in the PM2.5 fraction provide reasonable estimates (i.e., within a factor of 2) of personal exposure concentrations for these particle-bound metals.
3. The variability in personal metals concentrations in the PM2.5 fraction is related to the variability in indoor at-home metals concentrations in the PM2.5 fraction.
4. The variability in personal exposure to metals in the PM2.5 fraction is related to the variability in indoor at-home and personal VOC levels.
5. For the general population of adults, personal exposure concentrations for a complex mixture of metals and VOCs can be predicted based on time activity profiles and ambient dispersion modeling of these hazardous air pollutants.
6. For the general population of adults, the primary sources contributing to indoor and personal exposure to a complex mixture of metals and VOCs can be predicted based on ambient source apportionment modeling results.
7. Continuous measures of indoor PM2.5 levels can be used to characterize and explain day-to-day variability in 24-hour gravimetric samples.
Progress Summary:
The following tasks have been completed to date: (1) digestion and chemical analysis of more than 800 outdoor, indoor, and personal PM2.5 samples collected during the HAPS study; (2) development and quality assurance of an integrated database of all outdoor, indoor, and personal VOC and PM measurements from the HAPS study; (3) completion of quality assurance and summary statistical analysis of metals concentration data; (4) completion of an updated VOC emissions inventory and new ambient dispersion modeling of VOC concentrations in the Minneapolis–St. Paul air shed; and (5) analysis of continuous measures of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations.
Future Activities:
In the final 6 months of the grant, we will conduct data analyses that will be summarized in the final technical report to EPA. We have three journal articles planned. The first will discuss an investigation of the longitudinal associations between personal, indoor, and outdoor metals data. The second will explore the statistical and source associations between
VOC and metals exposures in this dataset. The third paper will explore the contribution of specific microenvironments to personal exposures in our study population.
Journal Articles on this Report : 5 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other project views: | All 9 publications | 7 publications in selected types | All 7 journal articles |
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Adgate JL, Ramachandran G, Pratt GC, Waller LA, Sexton K. Spatial and temporal variability in outdoor, indoor, and personal PM2.5 exposure. Atmospheric Environment 2002;36(20):3255-3265. |
R827928 (2002) R827928 (2003) R827928 (Final) R825241 (Final) |
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Adgate JL, Ramachandran G, Pratt GC, Waller LA, Sexton K. Longitudinal variability in outdoor, indoor, and personal PM2.5 exposure in healthy non-smoking adults. Atmospheric Environment 2003;37(7):993-1002. |
R827928 (2002) R827928 (2003) R827928 (Final) R825241 (Final) |
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Pratt GC, Wu CY, Bock D, Adgate JL, Ramachandran G, Stock TH, Morandi M, Sexton K. Comparing air dispersion model predictions with measured concentrations of VOCs in urban communities. Environmental Science & Technology 2004;38(7):1949-1959. |
R827928 (2002) R827928 (2003) R827928 (Final) R825241 (Final) |
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Sexton K, Adgate JL, Ramachandran G, Pratt GC, Mongin SJ, Stock TH, Morandi MT. Comparison of personal, indoor, and outdoor exposures to hazardous air pollutants in three urban communities. Environmental Science & Technology 2004;38(2):423-430. |
R827928 (2003) R827928 (Final) R825241 (Final) |
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Sexton K, Adgate JL, Mongin SJ, Pratt GC, Ramachandran G, Stock TH, Morandi MT. Evaluating differences between measured personal exposures to volatile organic compounds and concentrations in outdoor and indoor air. Environmental Science & Technology 2004;38(9):2593-2602. |
R827928 (2003) R827928 (Final) R825241 (Final) |
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Supplemental Keywords:
air, exposure, toxics, particulates, VOCs, Minnesota, MN, ambient aerosol particles, ambient particle properties, analytical chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric monitoring, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chemical characteristics, cumulative exposure, environmental monitoring, heavy metals, indoor air quality, mass spectrometry,, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Air, Toxics, Geographic Area, Waste, Ecosystem Protection/Environmental Exposure & Risk, air toxics, Environmental Chemistry, State, Chemistry, Monitoring/Modeling, chemical mixtures, indoor air, tropospheric ozone, 33/50, Biology, monitoring, cumulative exposure, carbon tetrachloride, Minnesota, MN, environmental monitoring, particulate matter, stratospheric ozone, ambient particle properties, chemical characteristics, particulate, Toluene, mass spectrometry, air pollutants, VOCs, benzene, air pollution, Chloroform, analytical chemistry, PM2.5, atmospheric monitoring, indoor air quality, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), air quality, atmospheric chemistry, heavy metalsProgress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.